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Mission Grey Daily Brief - April 08, 2026

Executive summary

The first Mission Grey daily brief begins with a world economy being pulled by three hard forces at once: war-driven energy disruption, renewed great-power economic rivalry, and the persistence of high-intensity conflict in Eastern Europe. The most immediate macro story is the continuing Strait of Hormuz crisis, which has turned oil, shipping, inflation and central-bank expectations into a single risk complex. Around one-fifth of global oil flows normally transit Hormuz, and recent reporting points to a disruption of roughly 12-15 million barrels per day, with Brent and WTI trading above $108 and some analysts warning of $150 oil if the disruption persists into mid-May. [1]. [2]. [3]

At the same time, Washington and Beijing are trying to stabilize a highly adversarial trade relationship ahead of a Trump-Xi summit expected in May. The tone has shifted away from immediate escalation, but not toward genuine détente. Tariffs remain substantial, rare earth access is still a priority, and both sides appear focused on tactical gains rather than structural compromise. For multinational businesses, that means the operating environment is less about “decoupling versus engagement” and more about selective interdependence under persistent political risk. [4]. [5]. [6]

Meanwhile, the Russia-Ukraine war continues to impose strategic and commercial costs well beyond the battlefield. Russia has intensified mass aerial attacks on Ukrainian cities and energy systems, while Ukraine has expanded deep strikes on Russian oil export infrastructure, including Novorossiysk and assets linked to the Caspian Pipeline Consortium, which handles about 1.5% of global oil supply and 80% of Kazakhstan’s crude exports. The result is a growing overlap between war risk, energy market volatility and infrastructure vulnerability. [7]. [8]. [9]

A fourth development deserves close business attention: technology controls around China are tightening again, especially in semiconductors. A new bipartisan U.S. legislative push would further restrict sales and servicing of advanced chipmaking tools to China, while Taiwan is warning that Beijing is intensifying efforts to poach semiconductor talent and acquire controlled technology. This is not just another export-control headline; it signals a deeper contest over industrial chokepoints, supply-chain sovereignty and talent security. [10]. [11]. [12]

Analysis

The Hormuz shock is now the central macro risk

The global business environment is being reorganized around energy insecurity. Reporting over the last several days indicates that the Strait of Hormuz remains heavily restricted, with oil markets facing what several sources describe as the largest supply shock in modern history. Roughly one-fifth of global oil and significant LNG flows normally move through the strait, and the current disruption is estimated at 12-15 million barrels per day. Brent and WTI have both moved above $108, with U.S. crude recently above $114 and Brent above $110 in some sessions. OPEC+ has agreed a nominal May output increase of 206,000 barrels per day, but that move is largely symbolic while transit and infrastructure damage constrain real supply. [13]. [1]. [2]. [3]

The business significance is not simply “higher oil prices.” It is the combination of higher prices, restricted logistics, insurance escalation and policy uncertainty. Traffic through Hormuz has reportedly dropped from around 138 vessels per day before the crisis to as few as five to 12 openly reported crossings on some days. That means the disruption is now affecting freight schedules, product availability and procurement strategies in ways that reach far beyond crude. Jet fuel, diesel, fertilizers and petrochemical inputs are all being pulled into the shock. Emergency conservation and rationing measures have already appeared in parts of Asia and elsewhere. [13]. [14]. [15]

The macroeconomic consequences are becoming clearer. Reuters-linked analysis cited in recent coverage says the shock has already removed about 12% of global oil consumption from the market, while investors are reassessing inflation and growth simultaneously. In Europe, private-sector activity has slowed sharply, with the eurozone composite PMI falling to 50.7 in March from 51.9, and headline inflation rising to 2.5% from 1.9% as energy costs surged. ECB officials are now openly discussing the risk that inflation expectations could re-accelerate, and financial markets are pricing more than two ECB hikes this year in some scenarios. [16]. [17]. [18]

For business leaders, the key point is that this is no longer a pure commodity event; it is a broad cost-of-capital and operating-environment event. Energy importers in Asia and Europe are more exposed, while exporters with alternative routes can partially benefit. Reuters analysis suggests Iraq and Kuwait saw estimated oil export revenues plunge by about three-quarters year-on-year in March, while Saudi revenues rose 4.3% and Iran’s rose 37%, illustrating how geography and infrastructure determine who absorbs the pain and who captures the windfall. [19]

The forward-looking question is whether this remains a sharp but temporary shock or becomes a prolonged period of structurally higher energy costs. If the strait reopens soon, inflation pressure may ease into the second half of the year. If not, businesses should expect a stagflationary mix: slower demand growth, tighter margins, more volatile currencies and a more hawkish central-bank posture, especially in Europe. [20]. [21]

U.S.-China relations are stabilizing tactically, not strategically

Recent developments suggest Washington and Beijing are trying to avoid another uncontrolled spiral before the expected Trump-Xi meeting in May. U.S. officials have been explicit that they are seeking a “stable” trade relationship, not “massive confrontation,” even while preserving tariffs and pressing for access to Chinese rare earths. That is an important distinction: the bilateral relationship is being managed, not repaired. [5]. [6]

The recent chronology matters. After tariffs surged above 100% on both sides in 2025, the two governments moved through truces, recriminations and renewed talks. A Busan understanding led Washington to trim tariffs while Beijing pledged action on fentanyl, soybean purchases and a pause on some rare earth curbs. More recently, a sixth round of talks in Paris was described by both sides as constructive, and USTR Jamieson Greer has now framed the near-term goal as preserving stability while dealing with critical-minerals access and the structural trade deficit. [22]. [4]. [5]

That sounds reassuring, but the underlying structure remains adversarial. Recent analysis suggests China is likely to seek an extension of the trade truce and broader tariff relief in exchange for increased purchases of U.S. agriculture, energy and aviation goods. Yet the expectation from market observers remains that any summit outcome will be tactical and limited, not transformational. Sensitive areas such as Taiwan, investment restrictions, advanced technology, shipping and critical minerals remain unresolved. [23]. [22]

For multinationals, this points to a durable “controlled rivalry” model. Companies should assume the following: first, tariffs and industrial-policy intervention remain embedded; second, critical minerals and chokepoint technologies will continue to be politicized; third, China remains commercially indispensable in many manufacturing ecosystems even as diversification proceeds. One recent case study from Dongguan showed how a manufacturer scrambled to establish options in Malaysia and India after tariff shocks, yet still concluded that China’s component ecosystem and scale were difficult to replicate. China’s trade surplus reportedly reached a record $1.2 trillion in 2025, while its surplus in the first two months of 2026 rose to $213.6 billion from $169.2 billion a year earlier. [24]

The strategic implication is straightforward: companies should not read summit diplomacy as a return to pre-rivalry normality. Instead, they should treat it as a temporary reduction in policy volatility inside a still-fragmenting system. Commercial engagement with China remains possible, but it increasingly requires contingency planning, technology controls compliance, source diversification and political-risk monitoring at the product-category level. [4]. [6]. [24]

The Russia-Ukraine war is feeding directly into energy and infrastructure risk

The war in Ukraine remains one of the world’s central infrastructure-risk stories. Russia’s recent drone and missile attacks have again hit civilians and energy systems across Ukraine. In just one week, according to President Zelensky, Russia launched more than 2,800 attack drones, nearly 1,350 glide bombs and more than 40 missiles. More than 300,000 households in the Chernihiv region were left without electricity after recent strikes on distribution facilities. [7]. [7]. [25]

At the same time, Ukraine is intensifying long-range strikes on Russian oil infrastructure. Recent targets include a Lukoil refinery in Kstovo, the Primorsk terminal, and above all Novorossiysk, one of Russia’s most important Black Sea oil-export hubs. Reporting indicates damage to berths, pipelines, tanks and related loading infrastructure there, with knock-on concerns for the Caspian Pipeline Consortium terminal. Reuters background notes that CPC handles 80% of Kazakhstan’s crude exports and that throughput on the Tengiz-Novorossiysk pipeline reached 70.5 million metric tons last year, or about 1.53 million barrels per day. [26]. [8]. [9]

This matters because the Ukraine war is now colliding with the Middle East energy shock. Even if each disruption on its own might be manageable, the combined effect is more dangerous: Black Sea export risk, Baltic export risk, sanctions waivers, and elevated oil prices all feed one another. Ukraine’s strategy is explicitly aimed at squeezing Russian energy revenues; Russia’s strategy is to degrade Ukrainian resilience and wait out Western fatigue. The overlap creates a more combustible environment for insurers, commodity traders, shipping operators and firms exposed to Eurasian energy corridors. [27]. [28]. [29]

There is also a strategic-resource dimension. Zelensky has warned that the Middle East conflict is draining stockpiles of air defenses, especially Patriot systems, that Ukraine urgently needs. If that concern is valid, Ukraine may face a harsher air-defense balance just as Russia expands its spring offensive tempo. For businesses with personnel, assets or supplier exposure in Ukraine and the Black Sea region, the implication is that operational risk is not stabilizing; it is mutating. [7]. [29]

The business takeaway is not only about Ukraine itself. It is about the normalization of long-range strikes on energy infrastructure hundreds of kilometers from the front and the erosion of assumptions around the sanctity of export terminals, refineries and pipeline nodes. That is highly relevant for any company underwriting political risk, financing infrastructure, shipping through the Black Sea, or depending on Kazakh, Russian or regional flows. [8]. [9]

The semiconductor contest is becoming harder, wider and more political

A less visible but strategically decisive story is the widening technology contest around semiconductors. In Washington, bipartisan lawmakers have introduced the MATCH Act, which would tighten export restrictions on semiconductor manufacturing equipment to China and seek to align U.S. controls more closely with those of allies such as the Netherlands and Japan. The draft legislation targets critical tools including immersion DUV lithography and would also restrict maintenance and servicing at certain Chinese facilities. [10]. [11]. [30]

This is commercially significant for three reasons. First, it broadens the field of control from the most advanced EUV equipment to older but still highly capable DUV systems. Second, it targets not only sales but service, which is often what keeps installed equipment productive. Third, it aims to close competitive asymmetries between American and allied suppliers. ASML said China accounted for 33% of its sales in 2025, though it expects that share to fall to about 20% this year. [11]. [31]

At the same time, U.S. restrictions are not stopping China’s domestic semiconductor push; they are accelerating it. Chinese firms posted strong growth in 2025: SMIC’s revenue rose 16% to a record $9.3 billion, and Chinese vendors collectively captured 41% of China’s AI accelerator server market, with Huawei emerging as the leading domestic supplier. That does not mean China has solved its advanced-node constraints, but it does mean export controls are pushing demand, talent and state support inward. [32]. [33]

Taiwan’s latest security reporting adds another layer. Taipei says China is intensifying efforts to lure Taiwanese semiconductor and AI talent, steal technology, and use indirect channels to procure controlled goods. Taiwan also reported more than 170 million intrusion attempts on its government network in the first quarter and over 420 Chinese military aircraft operating around the island in that period. This is the semiconductor rivalry in its full form: industrial espionage, cyber pressure, political coercion and supply-chain competition converging around the world’s most critical manufacturing node. [12]. [34]

For business, the conclusion is stark. Semiconductor supply chains are no longer just about capacity and cost; they are now defined by legal jurisdiction, technical servicing rights, talent security and allied policy alignment. Firms in electronics, automotive, AI infrastructure and defense-adjacent manufacturing should expect tighter controls, more intrusive compliance requirements and greater pressure to map second- and third-order dependencies. China remains a large market, but the regulatory and ethical risk around advanced technology transfer is rising, not falling. [10]. [11]. [12]

Conclusions

The dominant pattern in today’s global environment is convergence: energy risk is becoming inflation risk; trade policy is becoming industrial policy; military conflict is becoming infrastructure risk; technology competition is becoming supply-chain governance. The most successful international businesses in this environment will not be those that merely react to headlines, but those that redesign exposure before markets force them to. [1]. [4]. [8]

Three questions stand out for decision-makers today. If the Hormuz disruption persists, where are your first-order margin vulnerabilities and second-order logistics vulnerabilities? If U.S.-China stabilization proves only tactical, which parts of your China exposure are commercially indispensable and which are strategically optional? And if infrastructure and technology chokepoints are now part of geopolitical competition, are your resilience plans built around yesterday’s assumptions or tomorrow’s risks?


Further Reading:

Themes around the World:

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Rupiah Volatility Pressures Operations

The rupiah briefly weakened beyond 18,000 per US dollar as reserves fell to US$144.9 billion and Bank Indonesia raised rates to 5.50%, increasing hedging, import, debt-servicing and working-capital risks for trade-exposed manufacturers, retailers and foreign investors.

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Persistent energy cost disadvantage

High electricity, gas, and CO2 costs continue to erode Germany’s manufacturing competitiveness, especially in energy-intensive sectors. Even with over €30 billion in power-price support, many firms report limited relief, raising shutdown, relocation, and supply-chain concentration risks for industrial buyers.

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Energy Security Drives Strategy

Middle East disruptions and Strait of Hormuz risks have reinforced Japan’s focus on energy security, strategic reserves and diversified sourcing. Businesses remain exposed to oil, LNG and petrochemical supply shocks, while government-backed resilience frameworks may redirect infrastructure and trading flows.

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Revisión T-MEC y aranceles

La revisión del T-MEC domina el riesgo país: Washington presiona por reglas de origen más estrictas, mayor contenido estadounidense y mantiene aranceles a autos, acero y aluminio. La incertidumbre ya retrasa inversión, complica planeación exportadora y encarece cadenas manufactureras integradas.

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Booming Defense and Shipbuilding Exports

South Korea's arms industry, now the world's 9th largest exporter with ~$37B projected 2026 revenue, is winning contracts globally and pledged $150B in US shipbuilding investment, positioning Korean firms as key beneficiaries of Western rearmament and US naval revitalization.

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Sanctions Evasion and Trade Compliance Risks

Ukraine's SBU is investigating illicit grain shipments to Iran—allegedly Russia's payment for Shahed drones—via diverted vessels and controlled companies, exposing significant sanctions-evasion, counterparty, and trade-compliance risks for firms operating in Ukrainian agricultural supply chains.

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Labor And Construction Bottlenecks

War mobilization and restricted Palestinian labor availability continue to tighten Israel’s workforce, especially in construction and logistics. The resulting capacity shortages raise project costs, delay delivery schedules, constrain real estate supply and complicate expansion plans for manufacturers and infrastructure investors.

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Japan-Korea Strategic Cooperation

Seoul is deepening practical coordination with Japan on energy security, supply chains and strategic resilience. Expanded crude oil and LNG cooperation, alongside closer high-level policy coordination, could improve regional procurement flexibility and reduce operational vulnerability for companies exposed to Northeast Asian trade corridors.

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Migration Politics Threatens Growth Model

Net migration fell 45% from its 2023 peak to 301,000, yet record 55% of Australians deem it 'too high' amid housing shortfalls. Rising One Nation support (31%) pressures visa settings, threatening skilled labour, international education exports and workforce supply.

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Trillion-Euro AI Chip Investment

Seoul unveiled a 10-year, up to 2.4 trillion euro program; Samsung and SK Hynix commit to new fabs and AI data centers (18.4GW by 2035), under Lee's 3-3-5 strategy to make Korea a top-three AI power.

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High-Tech Export Control Escalation

Semiconductors, AI and advanced manufacturing remain central to geopolitical competition. Even though Washington delayed new Entity List additions, more than 100 Chinese firms were reportedly under review, highlighting persistent risk of sudden restrictions on chips, software, equipment and cross-border research partnerships.

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Strait of Hormuz Threatens Supply Chains

US-Iran strikes over the Strait of Hormuz disrupted global shipping and oil flows, pushing fuel prices up. Iran demands 48-hour transit permission and threatens tolls, with UK maritime agencies monitoring vessel safety and potential higher household bills.

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Critical input dependency risks

German industry remains highly dependent on China for rare earths, magnesium, and pharmaceutical precursors, with some exposures estimated at 60-90%. Replacing these sources could take years, leaving manufacturers vulnerable to export restrictions, geopolitical leverage, and procurement volatility in strategic sectors.

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Escalating US-South Africa Diplomatic Friction

Washington escalated pressure over Pretoria's non-aligned ties with China, Russia and Iran, using HIV funding cuts, a G20 boycott, ambassador expulsion and public rebukes. Persistent friction over Gaza and foreign policy heightens sanctions and trade-access risk for investors.

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Rupiah Crisis and Capital Flight

The rupiah hit record lows beyond 18,000/USD (down ~8% in 2026), Jakarta's stock index fell over 40%, and foreign bond ownership dropped to 12.6%. Fitch and Moody's turned outlooks negative, sharply raising currency, financing, and import-cost risks.

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Asset Seizure Retaliation Risk

Russia froze bank deposits of citizens from 'unfriendly' countries under Putin's expanded Decree No. 377 and prepared retaliatory foreign-asset seizures. Europe simultaneously debates nationalizing Russian-linked strategic assets, escalating mutual expropriation risks for international investors and firms.

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US-Iran Ceasefire Fragility Drives Oil Volatility

A fragile US-Iran ceasefire and 60-day negotiations eased Brent crude to $78, but Strait of Hormuz tensions and threatened strikes keep energy supply lines uncertain. Volatile oil prices directly impact inflation, transport costs, and global trade routes.

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Fiscal Strain from Military Spending

Defense spending near 8% of GDP and elevated military expenditure are projected to push the 2026 fiscal deficit to 5.3% of GDP, with external debt climbing from ~60% to ~70%. This crowds out infrastructure investment and pressures budgets despite economic resilience.

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India trade deal implementation

The UK-India trade pact enters into force on 15 July, liberalising 99% of UK tariffs and 90% of Indian tariffs. It should boost bilateral trade by £25.5 billion annually, with direct implications for autos, whisky, textiles, professional mobility and sourcing decisions.

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Regional Security Spillover Risks

Egypt’s trade and investment outlook remains highly exposed to Middle East conflict dynamics. Red Sea insecurity, the Iran-Israel war and wider Horn of Africa tensions can alter shipping flows, insurance costs, energy sourcing and investor sentiment, creating persistent volatility for cross-border operations.

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New Foreign Investment Screening Regime

Japan launched a CFIUS-style investment screening mechanism on June 29 under revised FEFTA, coordinating cross-ministry reviews of foreign investments for security risks, particularly from China. Recent blocked deals signal heightened scrutiny for inbound M&A and acquisitions of strategic firms.

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Digital Regulation and Privacy Tightening

New federal bills would strengthen privacy, regulate AI and digital safety, and create penalties up to C$25 million or 5% of global revenue. With C$2.3 billion in AI strategy funding, firms face both growth opportunities and higher compliance, governance and data-localization pressures.

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Persistent US Tariff and Trade Uncertainty

Trump threatens 100% tariffs over European digital taxes and questions trade deals globally. US courts upheld global 10% tariffs, sustaining unpredictability despite the ratified EU-US framework that German and French leaders urge stabilizing.

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Election-driven policy and coalition

With elections due by October and coalition tensions intensifying, domestic policymaking is becoming less predictable. Ultra-Orthodox boycotts have already disrupted budget work, raising execution risks for fiscal decisions, regulation, procurement, and reforms relevant to investors and foreign businesses.

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Fiscal Expansion and Borrowing Surge

Germany is financing major infrastructure and defense programs through much higher borrowing, creating opportunities in public procurement but raising funding-cost risks. The federal government plans a record €512 billion in market borrowing this year, while 10-year Bund yields recently rose above 3%.

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US Tariff Uncertainty Threatens Export Competitiveness

After the US Supreme Court struck down reciprocal tariffs, Thailand faces roughly 19% baseline duties plus new Section 301 forced-labor (12.5%) and excess-capacity probes. Ongoing renegotiations before the July 24 deadline create major uncertainty for exporters and supply-chain positioning versus regional rivals like Vietnam and the Philippines.

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Soaring Public Debt and Fiscal Crisis

France's public debt hit a record €3,536 billion (117.5% of GDP) in Q1 2026, with the Cour des comptes calling finances 'alarming.' Debt-servicing tops €70bn—the largest budget item—threatening austerity, market sanctions, and reduced state investment capacity.

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Deepening Türkiye and Gulf Corridors

Pakistan pursues economic corridors with Türkiye (targeting $5 billion trade, SEZs, rail links) and Saudi Arabia (defence pact, IT services delivery), leveraging record $3.8 billion IT exports to convert strategic trust into commercial and investment opportunities.

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Weak Growth and High Unemployment

Stagnant growth, expanded unemployment at 43.7%, youth unemployment near 60%, and 345,000 jobs lost in Q1 2026 constrain domestic demand. A R1 trillion infrastructure plan and R890bn investment pledges aim to revive an economy hampered by inequality and slow delivery.

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Nuclear Talks Drive Policy Volatility

Business conditions hinge on fragile U.S.-Iran negotiations over inspections, enrichment and sanctions relief. Conflicting statements from Tehran and the IAEA raise uncertainty over whether interim arrangements will hold, leaving investors exposed to abrupt reversals in sanctions, licensing, and diplomatic risk.

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Black Sea Export Route Vulnerability

Ukraine’s maritime corridor remains essential for trade, especially agriculture, yet Russian attacks on ports, rail links, and vessels threaten throughput. Over 90% of exports move via Odesa terminals, and monthly shipments could fall from roughly 6 million to 4 million tonnes.

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Bond Market Discipline Constrains Fiscal Policy

UK debt at £2.98 trillion and gilt yields near 4.85% give bond markets decisive influence over policy. Burnham now backs existing fiscal rules to reassure investors, echoing lessons from Liz Truss's 2022 market crisis.

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Deteriorating Fiscal Trajectory

May's primary deficit hit R$53.2 billion amid pre-election spending (R$50bn MEI expansion, subsidized credit). The IFI projects public debt rising from 82.5% of GDP (2026) to 115% by 2036, warning of unsustainable deficits and a challenging outlook for the next presidential term.

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Hormuz Transit Risks Persist

The Strait of Hormuz remains Iran’s main source of geopolitical leverage. It carries roughly 20 million barrels per day and about 20% of global LNG exports. Even after reopening, mines, route controls, permit requirements, and insurance uncertainty continue disrupting shipping reliability and costs.

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Regulatory Unpredictability Deterring Investors

Repeated policy reversals—property nominee crackdowns, shifting lease rules, the cannabis rollback—undermine investor trust. Foreign capital increasingly cites unpredictable, retroactively-enforced rules rather than restrictive laws as the primary deterrent to long-term commitment in Thailand.

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US Trade Deficit and Negotiation Friction

Taiwan's US trade surplus surged to $71.5 billion in four months, becoming America's largest deficit source, over 90% from semiconductors. This raises pressure for more US investment, purchases, and market access, while a Reciprocal Trade Agreement and Section 301 probes remain unresolved.