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Mission Grey Daily Brief - July 14, 2024

Summary of the Global Situation for Businesses and Investors

The world is witnessing a period of geopolitical fragmentation, with escalating tensions between major powers, trade disputes, and rising nationalism challenging globalization. The UK Labour Party's landslide victory signals a shift away from the Conservatives, while France faces political uncertainty with a hung parliament. The US and its allies remain silent on Israeli strikes in Gaza, and China's military drills in Belarus send a strong message to NATO. Meanwhile, political instability in Nepal and India's crackdown on NGO funding impact development and social welfare.

Political Instability in Nepal

Nepal's government has collapsed after losing a trust vote, triggering a period of political uncertainty. The country has seen three governments since 2022, and the latest coalition between the Nepali Congress and the Communist Party of Nepal-UML is unlikely to bring stability. This constant political upheaval has hindered Nepal's development, impacted its tourism industry, and led to large-scale outward migration.

China's Military Drills in Belarus

Chinese and Belarusian soldiers are conducting joint military exercises near the Polish border, sending a clear message to NATO. This comes as tensions rise on the Poland-Belarus border, with Poland closing border crossings and planning to fence off its frontier. The drills, named "Eagle Assault 2024," are a show of unity between China and Russia, and a response to Western sanctions and criticism.

US-Israel Relations

US President Biden has blamed Israel for the failure to end the war in Gaza, sparking controversy. He criticized Israel's conservative war cabinet and called for a two-state solution. Meanwhile, Türkiye's President Erdoğan has opposed NATO's cooperation with Israel, stating that it goes against the alliance's core values.

India's Crackdown on NGO Funding

India's cancellation of FCRA licenses for thousands of NGOs has disrupted vital services and exacerbated unemployment. Smaller NGOs have been particularly affected, and the loss of jobs in the sector has had a significant impact. This move by the Modi government has created uncertainty and a chilling effect on civil society, with organizations fearing further crackdowns.

Recommendations for Businesses and Investors

  • Nepal: Businesses and investors should be cautious about operating in Nepal due to the country's political instability. The frequent changes in government and lack of long-term policies, especially in foreign relations, create an unpredictable environment.
  • China-Belarus Drills: The military exercises demonstrate the strengthening alliance between China and Russia, which could have implications for businesses operating in the region. Investors should monitor the situation and assess the potential impact on their interests.
  • US-Israel Relations: The strained US-Israel relations may affect businesses operating in the region, particularly those in the defense and security sectors. Investors should consider the potential impact on their portfolios, especially in light of the ongoing conflict in Gaza.
  • India's NGO Crackdown: Businesses and investors with interests in India should monitor the situation and assess the potential impact on their operations. The loss of NGO funding has disrupted vital services, and the Indian government's crackdown on civil society could create further uncertainty.

Further Reading:

As Nepal government loses trust vote, the country enters another period of political uncertainty - Scroll.in

As polls from UK to France show, fragmented geopolitics still a challenge - South China Morning Post

Biden Blames Israel - The New York Sun

Chinese Communist Soldiers Train in Belarus, the Kremlin’s Satellite in Eastern Europe and a Stone’s Throw From NATO - The New York Sun

Empty beds, lost jobs: the price of India's crackdown on NGO funds - Context

Erdoğan says Türkiye opposes NATO cooperation with Israel - Hurriyet Daily News

How Hong Kong really threatens America’s security and economy - South China Morning Post

Themes around the World:

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Support for Ukrainian Independent Media

Germany-backed initiatives providing grants to Ukrainian media bolster democratic resilience and transparency amid conflict. This support enhances information reliability and governance accountability, which are critical for regional stability and reconstruction. It also reflects Germany's strategic soft power and influences media freedom considerations in investment risk assessments.

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Vietnam’s Emerging Esports Market

Vietnam's gaming sector is witnessing rapid growth, exemplified by Tencent's launch of Delta Force and record-breaking player engagement on platforms like Roblox. This burgeoning esports ecosystem presents new investment opportunities, digital economy expansion, and potential shifts in youth consumer behavior, impacting Vietnam's tech industry and international digital trade.

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International Tax Policy and Corporate Competitiveness

The G-7’s agreement to exempt U.S. companies from a 15% minimum global corporate tax rate reflects efforts to protect American business interests amid evolving international tax frameworks. This move aims to preserve U.S. tax sovereignty and competitiveness, influencing multinational investment decisions and cross-border economic relations.

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Trade Protectionism and Antidumping

Indonesia plans to implement antidumping and safeguard measures against rising Chinese imports amid global trade tensions and redirected exports due to U.S.-China trade war. This policy aims to protect domestic industries, particularly steel, aluminum, textiles, and footwear, from market disruption, supporting local manufacturing and supply chain stability.

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Impact of Broader Regional Conflicts

Conflicts such as the Israel-Iran war and Iran's potential closure of the Strait of Hormuz indirectly affect Ukraine by influencing global energy markets and geopolitical alignments. These dynamics impact supply chains, commodity prices, and international security commitments, thereby shaping Ukraine's trade environment and strategic partnerships.

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Humanitarian Impact and Social Stability

The military aggression resulted in significant civilian casualties, including women and children, fueling national unity and resistance. This humanitarian dimension affects social stability and public sentiment, which in turn influences domestic policy and international perceptions. Businesses must consider these socio-political dynamics when evaluating country risk and operational strategies in Iran.

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Supply Chain Realignment and Friendshoring

Intensifying US-China rivalry is accelerating global supply chain diversification. Countries like Vietnam, Malaysia, India, Mexico, and Brazil are emerging as alternative manufacturing hubs due to lower labor costs and strategic trade agreements. This 'China+1' and friendshoring strategy reshapes global production networks, impacting investment flows and creating competitive pressures on China’s manufacturing dominance.

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National Security and Geopolitical Risks

The UK faces escalating security threats including nuclear proliferation, cyberattacks, terrorism, and potential wartime scenarios on home soil. Heightened tensions involving Russia, Iran, and China, alongside conflicts in Ukraine and the Middle East, pose risks to energy security, supply chains, and economic stability, prompting the government to enhance defense spending and national security strategies.

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Mexican Government Bank Interventions

In response to US sanctions, Mexican authorities temporarily took control of CIBanco and Intercam to protect depositors and maintain financial stability. This intervention aims to reassure markets and clients but signals regulatory risks and governance challenges within Mexico’s banking sector, potentially affecting foreign investor perceptions and complicating Mexico’s financial system integration with global markets.

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Critical Minerals and Geopolitical Litigation

Australia's legal actions to enforce compliance in its critical minerals sector underscore the geopolitical importance of resources essential for military technology and clean energy transitions. Challenges from Chinese-linked investors highlight the intersection of economic interests and national security, affecting foreign investment policies and the integrity of supply chains for rare earth elements.

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Russian Financial Market Resilience

Despite sanctions and geopolitical pressures, Russia's stock market shows resilience with positive index performance supported by declining inflation and central bank signals. The economy has grown over 4% in recent years, with low debt-to-GDP ratios and budget deficits, indicating robust financial management amid external challenges.

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US-South Africa Trade Tariff Negotiations

South Africa is actively negotiating with the US to avoid a 31% tariff on key exports such as autos, steel, and aluminium. The country seeks tariff exemptions or a maximum 10% tariff, offering LNG imports in exchange. These tariffs threaten 35,000 jobs in sectors like citrus, impacting bilateral trade and investment strategies with the US, South Africa's second-largest trading partner.

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NATO Commitments and Defense Spending

Germany's commitment to increase defense spending to approximately 3.5% of GDP and expand active-duty personnel by 50,000-60,000 soldiers reflects heightened security priorities amid NATO's evolving posture. This affects defense industry investments, supply chain demands, and Germany's strategic role in European security architecture.

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Critical Minerals and Supply Chain Security

Canada’s abundant critical mineral resources are central to its economic and defence strategies, supporting NATO commitments and reducing reliance on unstable regions. Investments in extraction, infrastructure, and export capacity aim to secure supply chains for high-tech and defence industries, enhancing Canada’s role in global value chains and attracting foreign investment.

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Impact of US Political Climate on Tourism

The US political environment under President Trump has led to a decline in German tourists, affecting sectors reliant on transatlantic travel and cultural exchange. This shift signals broader economic and reputational risks for businesses dependent on international tourism and cross-border consumer confidence.

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Public Trust and Institutional Confidence Deficit

Surveys reveal a significant portion of the Turkish population expresses distrust in key institutions including government, judiciary, and regulatory bodies. This erosion of public trust can lead to social instability, policy unpredictability, and challenges in implementing reforms. For businesses, this translates into increased socio-political risk and potential disruptions in regulatory environments.

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Electric Vehicle Industry Challenges

Thailand’s EV sector faces financial and operational risks as Chinese-owned NETA Auto struggles with unpaid government subsidies totaling up to ฿400 million, threatening dealer networks and after-sales services. Rising insurance premiums and shrinking dealership presence jeopardize Thailand’s ambitions to become an EV export hub, potentially disrupting supply chains and investor confidence in the green technology sector.

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US-Thailand Trade Negotiations and Economic Outlook

Thailand is engaged in critical trade talks with the United States amid slowing economic growth and fragile domestic demand. While early 2025 export growth shows promise, forecasts for 2026 are subdued at 1.7%. The outcome of these negotiations is pivotal for trade diversification, foreign investment inflows, and economic recovery strategies in a challenging global environment.

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US-Israel Strategic Alliance

The elevated US-Israel alliance, underscored by US military support and coordinated operations against Iran, reinforces Israel's security posture. This partnership influences regional stability, defense spending, and investor confidence, shaping Israel's geopolitical risk profile and international economic relations.

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National Crisis Preparedness and Policy Response

Indonesian lawmakers and government agencies emphasize the need for comprehensive crisis management plans to mitigate economic fallout from geopolitical shocks. Calls include fiscal-monetary coordination, energy reserve strengthening, social safety nets, and long-term strategies for energy diversification and food security to enhance national resilience against external shocks.

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European Diplomatic Engagement with Iran

Germany, alongside France and the UK, continues diplomatic talks with Iran aiming to resolve nuclear disputes amid regional tensions. The fragile negotiation environment, complicated by Israeli-Iranian hostilities, presents risks for energy markets and international trade routes. Germany’s involvement reflects its strategic interest in Middle East stability affecting global supply chains and investment climates.

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Supply Chain Resilience and Rare Earth Ambitions

Japan is actively pursuing rare earth element production to reduce dependence on China amid global supply constraints. This strategic move aims to secure critical materials for high-tech industries, enhancing supply chain resilience. However, ongoing geopolitical tensions and limited global supply pose challenges, influencing international trade dynamics and investment in resource-related sectors.

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Digital Media and Journalism Innovation

German and European media sectors are adapting to digital transformation through initiatives supporting independent journalism, investigative reporting, and social media engagement. These shifts affect information dissemination, public trust, and regulatory environments, with implications for media investments and the broader digital economy.

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Strategic International Partnerships

Egypt is deepening strategic economic and diplomatic ties with key partners such as India and Serbia. Bilateral agreements focus on trade expansion, investment in manufacturing, renewable energy cooperation, and tourism development. These partnerships enhance Egypt’s regional influence and open new markets, supporting diversification and resilience in trade and investment.

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Financial Market Volatility and Currency Risks

Geopolitical tensions have induced volatility in Indonesia's stock market (IHSG) and rupiah exchange rate. Market uncertainty, driven by potential oil price spikes and global risk aversion, pressures capital flows, widens current account deficits, and challenges monetary authorities to stabilize liquidity and exchange rates amid inflationary and fiscal pressures.

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Shift Towards Electric Vehicles

Volatile and rising petrol prices are accelerating Australian consumer interest in electric vehicles (EVs) as a strategic response to reduce oil dependency. This transition impacts automotive markets, energy demand patterns, and environmental policy, while offering resilience against future fuel price shocks.

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Japan's Fiscal Health and Rising Bond Yields

Japan faces mounting concerns over its fiscal sustainability with public debt exceeding 200% of GDP. Rising long-term government bond yields, driven by reduced Bank of Japan bond purchases and increased foreign investor participation, threaten to escalate debt servicing costs. Political uncertainty around consumption tax cuts ahead of elections could further undermine investor confidence, affecting government borrowing and economic stability.

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Monetary Policy and Interest Rate Outlook

The Bank of Israel is considering interest rate cuts amid reduced geopolitical uncertainty and stabilizing inflation, despite increased government military expenditure. Lower interest rates could stimulate economic growth, ease financing costs for businesses, and attract foreign capital, affecting Israel's macroeconomic environment and investment climate.

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Indonesia's Role in Middle-Power Diplomacy

Through forums like MIKTA, Indonesia seeks to strengthen multilateral cooperation and assert its position as a middle-power amid global geopolitical chaos. This engagement aims to promote inclusive global governance, peacebuilding, sustainable development, and to balance interests between developed and developing nations, enhancing Indonesia's strategic influence.

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Bill C-5 and Federal Powers

Bill C-5 grants the Canadian federal government broad powers to approve infrastructure and economic projects deemed in the national interest, including Indigenous partnerships and climate objectives. Critics warn it risks centralizing decision-making, reducing private sector input, and deterring investment due to perceived regulatory uncertainty. The legislation impacts investor confidence, project approvals, and the pace of economic development across sectors.

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Energy Independence and Security

Amid geopolitical tensions and volatile fossil fuel markets, the UK is prioritizing energy independence through clean energy investments. The Industrial Strategy links green energy to economic resilience and national security, addressing risks from Middle East conflicts and supply disruptions. This shift influences investment priorities, industrial competitiveness, and long-term energy costs for businesses.

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Japan's Rare Earth Ambitions Amid Supply Constraints

Japan aims to strengthen its position in rare earth element production as China tightens control over global supplies. Despite a recent US-China agreement, supply uncertainties persist, affecting Japan's manufacturing sectors reliant on these materials. Success in this area could reduce dependency, stabilize supply chains, and enhance Japan's strategic industrial competitiveness.

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Nuclear Program and International Oversight

Iran’s decision to bar IAEA Director General and surveillance cameras from nuclear sites following security breaches signals increased opacity in its nuclear activities. This move raises international concerns about transparency and non-proliferation compliance, potentially triggering further sanctions and complicating diplomatic relations, thereby affecting foreign investment and trade in sensitive sectors.

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Trump's Escalating Tariff Policies

President Trump's aggressive tariff strategy imposes high import taxes (up to 70%) on numerous countries, including allies like Japan and South Korea, creating global trade tensions. The tariffs disrupt supply chains, increase costs for U.S. businesses and consumers, and generate market volatility. Uncertainty around tariff implementation dates and negotiation outcomes continues to hamper investment and economic growth.

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Digital Fraud and Social Media Risks

Cases of online scams, such as fraudulent Facebook accounts selling others' goods, and social media defamation impacting charitable organizations, highlight vulnerabilities in Vietnam's digital ecosystem. These risks necessitate stronger cybersecurity measures and legal frameworks to protect consumers and maintain investor confidence.

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Supply Chain Disruptions from Geopolitical Risks

Potential blockades or attacks in the Strait of Hormuz threaten global shipping routes critical for raw materials, electronics, and consumer goods imports into France. Increased insurance premiums and shipping costs could disrupt supply chains, delay deliveries, and raise operational expenses for French companies dependent on international trade.